Principles And Methods of Tire Laser Cleaning
The characteristics of laser are high directionality, monochromaticity, high coherence and high brightness. Through lens focusing and Q switching, energy can be concentrated into a very small spatial range and time range.
Laser can achieve high concentration of energy in time and space. The focused laser beam can generate a high temperature of several thousand degrees or even tens of thousands of degrees near the focus, causing the dirt to evaporate, gasify or decompose instantly.
The divergence angle of the laser beam is small and the directionality is good. The laser beam can be focused into light spots of different diameters through the focusing system. Under the condition of the same laser energy, controlling the laser beam light spots of different diameters can adjust the energy density of the laser and make the dirt expand due to heat. When the expansion force of the dirt is greater than the adsorption force of the dirt on the substrate, the dirt will fall off the surface of the object.
The laser beam can generate ultrasonic waves on the solid surface to generate mechanical resonance, causing the dirt to break and fall off. tTire laser cleaning technology uses the above characteristics of laser to achieve the purpose of cleaning. According to the optical properties of the substrate to be cleaned and the dirt to be removed, the tTire laser cleaning mechanism can be divided into two categories: one is to use the large difference in the absorption coefficient of the cleaning substrate (also called the matrix) and the surface attachments (dirt) to a certain wavelength of laser energy. Most of the laser energy radiated to the surface is absorbed by the surface attachments, which are heated or vaporized, or expanded instantly, and driven by the formed airflow to separate from the surface of the object to achieve the purpose of cleaning. The substrate will not be damaged because it absorbs very little laser energy of this wavelength.
For this type of tTire laser cleaning, choosing the right wavelength and controlling the laser energy are the keys to achieving safe and efficient cleaning. Another type of cleaning method is suitable for situations where the laser energy absorption coefficient of the cleaning substrate and the surface attachments is not much different, or the substrate is more sensitive to the acid vapor formed by the coating when heated, or the coating will produce toxic substances after heating. This type of method usually uses a high-power, high-repetition-rate pulsed laser to impact the surface to be cleaned, so that part of the beam is converted into sound waves.