Cleaning Cultural Relics

Washing:
For utensils that are generally solid and not afraid of water immersion, such as: cultural relics and antiques made of pottery, porcelain, bricks, tiles, stone, copper, iron, bone, teeth, jade, wood and other materials, the dirt attached or contaminated on the surface can be Wash with distilled water.

Dry Cleaning:

If there are stains on textile cultural relics, which may fade when washed, they should be scrubbed with gasoline or other substances. You can also spray dry-cleaning detergent directly on the stained area. You should do a test before using dry-cleaning detergent. When dry cleaning, it is best to start with inconspicuous areas or corners, and finish with the center or obvious areas of the tissue.

Dry Wipe:

Some objects that are afraid of water and some unearthed objects should not be rinsed with water or chemicals in order to maintain the natural color of the original objects due to years of erosion by the earth's atmosphere. For this type of utensils, just wipe it gently with a soft damp cloth.

Air Drying:
For paper items and some fabrics that are not suitable for washing or dry cleaning, the air drying method should be used to blow away the dust and moisture on their surfaces. When drying outdoors, you should pay attention to weather changes, avoid long-term exposure to strong sunlight, avoid strong winds, and keep track of changes in temperature and humidity. At the same time, it is necessary to avoid smoke pollution near the chimney, prevent bird and insect damage under the tree, and avoid air-drying during the willow blooming season to prevent pollen contamination, etc.

Mechanical Dust Removal

For large, bulky and irregular objects, such as furniture, carpets, hollow objects, etc., mechanical dust removal such as vacuum cleaners can be used; for larger stone carvings, sculptures, etc., high-pressure air pumps can also be used while vacuuming , blowing off the dust that is difficult for the vacuum cleaner to remove.

Drug Cleaning:

Mainly used for preserving antiques and unearthed cultural relics in various harsh environments. These utensils have been buried underground for a long time and have been severely rusted and corroded by various environmental and harmful substances. Because the mixtures in the unearthed objects from different places are different, the corrosion conditions are different. Therefore, when using self-prepared liquid, you should do experiments first and wait until obvious results are achieved before using it. Because each artifact is different, different drugs and treatments should be used. method.

Laser Cleaning:

Laser cleaning takes advantage of the characteristics of the laser beam. The laser beam can be concentrated into spot diameters of different sizes through the focusing system. Under the same laser energy, laser beams with different spots produce different energy densities or power densities. In this way, the laser energy required for cleaning can be easily controlled. Lasers can achieve a high degree of concentration in time and space. Laser cleaning takes advantage of these characteristics to effectively remove contaminants. Contaminants are instantly peeled off the surface of cultural relics, thereby achieving cleaning of cultural relics.

The important thing is that laser cleaning is a harmless cleaning method: the material on the surface of cultural relics and the contaminants attached to it absorb the laser beam differently. This difference allows people to distinguish the contaminants and the surface materials of cultural relics, thereby accurately controlling cleaning. The required laser energy can remove contaminants without harming cultural relics. At present, this technology has been widely used in stone cultural relics, oil paintings and other fields.